Fall-risk monitoring

Slow walking is a fall warning. Check it more than once a year.

Today: the gait-speed calculator and the labelled demo below. Next, not live yet: sensor insoles, daily readings and alerts.

Older adults who walk slowly fall more often, and in the same study those whose walking slowed by more than 0.15 m/s in a year fell more often afterward (MOBILIZE Boston, 2011). In clinic, walking speed is checked now and then. A shoe is worn every day. Put the measurement where the walking happens, and a slide could show up sooner. How much warning that gives before a fall has not been measured yet.

1 in 4adults 65+ report a fall each year (CDC)
The prototype

Daily monitor vs. the annual snapshot

A made-up 90 days of one person's gait speed. A daily reading sees every day; a clinic check sees one day. Press play to see the idea.

Daily (shoe) Annual check (clinic) Fall-risk line (1.0 m/s)
Annual snapshot

Last clinic check: 1.14 m/s — "normal." Next visit in ~8 months. The decline happens in the gap. The fall arrives before the calendar does.

Daily monitor

In this made-up example, the daily line crosses 1.0 m/s on day —, — days before the drawn fall. The gap is invented to show the idea; it is not a measured warning time.

Illustrative trajectory for demonstration: the line, the crossing day and the fall day are made up. The 1.0 and 0.6 m/s lines are published gait-speed cut points (Studenski, JAMA 2011; MOBILIZE Boston, 2011). No source here measures how many weeks of warning a daily reading gives.
Why the shoe

The shoe is the daily sensor

Adherence is the whole game in monitoring — and a senior already carries a phone and puts their shoes on every morning. The measurement rides along, no new habit required. Four ways to capture it; two work today, two are planned:

The intervention

Flagging the decline is half. The intervention has a dose.

An alert that routes into an under-dosed program does not reduce falls — and the outcome the billing depends on never arrives. These are the published thresholds the intervention has to clear. The same sensor that would flag the decline could also check they were met.

3×/week
Minimum frequency. Twice weekly shows meaningfully smaller effect sizes in meta‑analysis. Three is the threshold most associated with actual fall reduction.
≥50 hrs
Cumulative exposure. Total dose predicts fall reduction better than any single session length. Programs under this threshold show a weaker effect regardless of how they’re structured.
Calibrated
“Somewhat difficult, not mastered.” Reduced base of support, minimal hand support, controlled weight shift. Challenge level correlates with effect size more than exercise type does.
It fades
Benefit attenuates after the program stops. Discharge has to include maintenance — and continuous measurement is one way to catch the drop-off when it happens.
The reference program. Otago — strength and balance 3×/week, walking 2×/week, progressed by a PT at weeks 1, 4, 8, then monthly — produced roughly a 35% reduction in falls and fall-related injuries, with best evidence in adults 80+ or with a fall history. A program at 2×/week, well under 50 cumulative hours, at a comfortable difficulty is not a smaller version of that. It is a different intervention with a weaker effect.
Sherrington et al. 2017/2019 dose-response and Cochrane falls prevention review; Robertson et al. 2001; Campbell & Robertson 2003 (Otago). Thresholds are population-level evidence, not a prescription — dosing belongs to the treating clinician.

This is what closes the loop. A platform that measures the decline and the dose could show the intervention was actually delivered at the level the evidence requires — which is the difference between a monitoring service and a monitoring service that moves the outcome it bills for.

The business

The plan: a monitoring service, not a gadget

Not live yet. A shoe partner would provide daily wear, and MotionSole the measurement and the risk-trajectory engine. Billing stays with the practice; MotionSole bills nothing.

1
Measure often

The camera works today; a sensor insole that reads every day is planned. The goal is the trajectory, not a snapshot.

2
Flag the decline (planned)

The engine would watch the slope and flag a meaningful slowdown (thresholds on the methods page). How long before a fall that comes is not known yet.

3
Intervene

Route to PT, balance training or a better shoe, through the patient's own clinicians. Patient front door: fallrisks.com. (co-op.care, a caregiver cooperative forming in Boulder, has not started paid care.)

4
Billing is the practice's call

RTM billing (codes 98975–98981) is the practice's own decision under its payer rules, under the clinician's own NPI, and a surgeon cannot bill RTM inside their own global surgical period. SurgeonValue is the surgeon-side practice tool. MotionSole bills nothing. Falls also move Medicare Advantage Star ratings.

Educational prototype, not a medical device. The trajectory shown is illustrative; fall-risk thresholds reflect published gait-speed bands and the CDC STEADI framework. Clinical decisions belong to a qualified professional. MotionSole is a measurement layer and bills nothing; daily-wear hardware from partners is planned, not live.
See your gait, live → Fall-risk engine of MotionSole — the 6th vital sign.